Where did the Universe come from?
Part 1: Einstein’s Big Blunder
100 years ago, Albert Einstein published three papers that rocked the world. These papers proved the existence of the atom, introduced the theory of relativity, and described quantum mechanics.
Pretty good debut for a 26 year old scientist, huh?
His equations for relativity indicated that the universe was expanding. This bothered him, because if it was expanding, it must have had a beginning and a beginner.
Since neither of these appealed to him, Einstein introduced a ‘fudge factor’ that ensured a ‘steady state’ universe, one that had no beginning or end.
But in 1929, Edwin Hubble showed that the furthest galaxies were fleeing away from each other, just as the Big Bang model predicted. So in 1931, Einstein embraced what would later be known as the Big Bang theory, saying, “This is the most beautiful and satisfactory explanation of creation to which I have ever listened.” He referred to the ‘fudge factor’ to achieve a steady-state universe as the biggest blunder of his career.
As I’ll explain during the next couple of days, Einstein’s theories have been thoroughly proved and verified by experiments and measurements. But there’s an even more important implication of Einstein’s discovery. Not only does the universe have a beginning, but time itself, our own dimension of cause and effect, began with the Big Bang.
That’s right — time itself does not exist before then. The very line of time begins with that creation event. Matter, energy, time and space were created in an instant by an intelligence outside of space and time.
About this intelligence, Albert Einstein wrote in his book “The World As I See It” that the harmony of natural law “Reveals an intelligence of such superiority that, compared with it, all the systematic thinking and acting of human beings is an utterly insignificant reflection.”*
He went on to write, “Everyone who is seriously involved in the pursuit of science becomes convinced that a spirit is manifest in the laws of the Universe–a spirit vastly superior to that of man, and one in the face of which we with our modest powers must feel humble.”*
Pretty significant statement, wouldn’t you say?
Stay tuned for tomorrow’s installment: “Bird Droppings on my Telescope.”
Respectfully Submitted,
Perry Marshall
*Einstein quotes are from “Einstein and Religion: Physics and Theology” by Max Jammer
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Do scientists really believe in the “Big Ban Theory?”
How did this actually happened?
Do people acknowledge God as the ultimate and sublime Creator of all thing, or the world just had come to existence by itself?
Can you explain in detail what references were used by Einstein’s on his theories, experiments and measurements?
You can easily find answers to these kinds of questions with a Google search, Wikipedia etc.
Mr. Perry,
Can you give some highlights or facts to share about ” What really happens to Religion during DARK AGES. As far as I know – religion was ceased, so non-religious or other group was reigning at that time. What was the real story about the whereabout of Religion at that time?
Regards!
Arturo
Arturo,
1. There was no “dark ages.” That is a pejorative term that was coined during the 1800’s to make medieval people appear stupid. There was a continuous intellectual growth from the fall of the Roman empire to the present.
2. I encourage you to read Rodney Stark’s “The Victory of Reason” for more information on this subject.
Perry
how could a big bang create life and different kinds of planets each one has its one atmosphere with different relatives ?it can’t be a coincidence
i would relly like to know more about Einstein’s Theory of Relativity
Dear Mr. Marshall
These episodes are fabulous and the issue is even more, thank you so.
You are literally delivering priceless information that cost decades of research by brilliant and diligent scientists, for free, so thank you again.
I am asking for your permission if I can distribute your valuable lecture’s link to my collegues over e-mail because I think it is indespensible.
Best regards
Hakeem Samarraee
Hakeem,
You are welcome to forward the information.
Perry
Do we really have a “Theory Of Everything”. Which incorporates strong, weak,
elect. mag. and gravitational forces all into a single theory. ?
I believe we never will, because of Godel’s incompleteness theorem.
How this black hole absorbs light ? I didn’t understand how that huge star converted into black hole or at its dead stage ????????
Wow! This matter really sounds!
I always think about Goethe´s style of thinking, trying to free myself from the invisible cage that is the human mind.
Those fishes in the aquarium are definetly convinced that they are free and that they can go where they want, never understanding that strange and strong force that impede them.
Some fish cientist recently discovered that this strange force is natural in the universe and it is called gravity.
Curiously, those mathematician fishes guarantee that there is a positive and a negative gravity, but physicians fishes say it is improbable.
The point is that the politician fishes are getting approval and money to the superfish project, one that will send a fish beyond the layer of power that confines the world.
Some religion fishe leaders are against it, because has been proven that godfish is everything.
A fish phylosopher said:
“The earth is in constant change.
It try to be a sphere.
The human is a creation on the earth.
His eyes try to be a sphere, too.
The universe is a sphere”
Sorry, now I have to feed the fishes in that aquarium made of glass.
Thanks
hi,perry
where could i get a copy of einstien’s book ‘the world as i see”
thanks
Try amazon.com
Dear Mr Marshall
This article has been titled as Einsteins blunder, but this blunder was because of the fudge factor he introduced to prove universe as static. And according to his theory, the out come was, either the universe could collapse to a point or expands to infinity, i.e both ways. His admittance of this factor as a blunder, is clear from his own nature cannot be explained on mathematical calculations, nature has its own ways. And it is true that mathematics is abstract and so is the thinking of the humans. Thinking should be logical and that can only lead to clear understanding of the natural phenomenon. Being a part of nature and being nature , it is every day refinement of thinking about ourselves and nature. And that is what Einstein did as a true lover of nature, he was logical and liked the Hubble’s logic more than his. But on these points we cannot predict and relate it as an incidence that God exists.
regards
Jyoti
I really wonder how the age of universe can be calculated. Is there a formula to work out on it?
If so, can you explain a little about how the formula was derived? One more thing is that it is still a mystery for me how the universe started and I really feel that there is nothing powerful enough to build it. I am a Buddhist and most of the facts our god had said is acceptable from scientific point of view. I wonder if there exists a connection between the religion and science.l
I think the following lecture will help: http://evo2.org/audio/newevidence.htm
Big Bang theory can be understood from the moment of its explosion.It certainly accepts that something was existing before that . That “something” is the nucleus of everything.I being a believer in Hindu religion, want to highlight that we believe in similar philosophy of origin of universe.God manifests himself/herself to a shape( you can call matter ,space and time or begining of universe) from the concentaration of energy ( which can be referred as “something” as mentioned above ). Why and when this manifestation starts is to be left to the almighty. This is most likely unexplainable.
This ” something” before big bang need to be understood more.If some light can be thrown on this.
Did Einstein believe in his last days that there is only one god as muslims believed?
Einstein believed in an impersonal God.
“Matter, energy, time and space were createdin an instant by an intelligence outside of space and time”
In this statement what is exactly referred to as the INTELLIGENCE. WHat is this form of intelligence nd where did it originate from when MATTER,TIME nd SPACE themselves were not in existence??
Q: Is the big bang the beginning of time?
A: From the standpoint of everything within our universe, yes.
Einstein’s Spacetime theorems combine space and time into a single continuum. The expansion of space corresponds to the forward movement of time. At the moment of the Big Bang, the universe occupies an infinitely small space. Extrapolation of the expansion of the universe backwards in time using general relativity yields an infinite density and temperature at a finite time in the past.
As we move from the present to the moment of the Big Bang, general relativity breaks down prior to t=10^-43 seconds (”Planck time.”). Between t=0 and Planck time we are unable to investigate the exact progress of the Big Bang.
Prior to t=0 there is no such thing as time. Time itself begins literally at the point of the Big Bang.
There may be other dimensions of time and other universes but we have no access to them or knowledge of them.
In 1931, astronomer Georges Lemaître suggested that the evident expansion in forward time required that the universe contracted backwards in time, and would continue to do so until it could contract no further, bringing all the mass of the universe into a single point, a “primeval atom”, at a point in time before which time and space did not exist. As such, at this point, the fabric of time and space had not yet come into existence.
It is not logical to conclude that matter and energy existed before that since there is no “before.”
This has an interesting correspondence to Genesis 1:1: “In the beginning [of time] God created [out of nothing] the heavens and the earth [everything].”
Q: Who Designed the Designer?
A: The Designer is an Uncaused Cause.
Philosophers almost universally reject any form of infinite regress because the result is an infinitely complex answer to a finite question. See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infinite_regress.
At some point in the past there is the inevitable reality of an uncaused cause.
Some say that the universe itself is its own uncaused cause.
However everything that has a beginning must have a cause.
Since the universe has a beginning, it has a cause.
Therefore the universe is not its own cause. It has to have been caused by something else.
It is possible to hypothesize that it came from another universe and that’s fine but it doesn’t bring us to any conclusion.
The question we have to answer is, what could cause the time, space, matter and energy to come into being at a single point in time and for the universe to expand at an exact rate with 120 decimal places of precision?
I would like to suggest that the only adequate explanation is an intelligent, willful, eternal being outside of space and time, namely God.
Who made God? http://evo2.org/infotheoryqa.htm?1
what EINSTEIN said was and still absolutely right.God must be the creator of the universe ,but there must be a scientific explanation.the universe is still expanding where other scientists say that the universe has limits(the seventh sky) is there a relationship between the limits of the universe and time?
The forward movement of Time corresponds directly to the expansion of space in the universe.
Hi, Perry —
I clicked through to this because of your New York Times ad titled “The Atheist’s Riddle,” which depicts Carl Sagan.
There’s a problem with this ad: Sagan described himself as an agnostic, not an atheist, and he did so pretty consistently from 1982 until the final interviews he conducted prior to his death in 1996. He did not believe that either hypothesis (atheism or theism) was well-founded, and even expressed some concerns regarding the coherency of the question that both theism and atheism purport to answer.
I think Sagan gets a bum rap when he’s lumped in with Dawkins, Dennett, Sam Harris, et. al. in the whole “The New Atheism” category. He shared their scientific reductionism and their non-theism, but he did not consider himself an atheist and probably would have found their focus on the question of God’s existence to be eccentric and a distraction from the more serious goal of popularizing science, humanism, and rational thought.
Sagan was above all a deeply moral thinker who was aware of humanity’s vulnerability, a powerful advocate for the second half of the Great Commandment, and someone who deserves to be taken more seriously in all quarters than he has been in recent years. He was not a proto-Dawkins. There was so much more to him than that.
Please consider picking a more appropriate figure–someone who identifies as an atheist–for the next version of your “The Atheist’s Riddle” advertisement.
Thank you for your time.
Cheers,
Tom Head, author
“Conversations with Carl Sagan” (University Press of Mississippi, 2006)
Tom,
Thanks for your note.
Actually we are no longer using the Sagan image.
I did not know everything you said about Sagan and I appreciate this more nuanced version of the man.
Sincerely,
Perry
If time, matter, radiation and space are born of Big Bang then there must be no atomic structure at that point, no basic elements would be in existance so it would all be mixed up. But the Bang itself says that external energy was its cause. Thus can it happen that 2 or more such structures collided which resulted in the Big Bang?
There is no way to determine if something physical existed before the big bang. It would be outside our time/space reference.
Dear Mr.Perry,
According to Einstien there was a big bang and the Universe is expanding will a time come when it stops expanding and starts collapsing?
I believe that the universe will continue to expand indefinitely.
i can’t understand the following paragraph, if you can make it more easy i’ll be very thankful to you.thanks
He went on to write, “Everyone who is seriously
involved in the pursuit of science becomes convinced
that a spirit is manifest in the laws of the Universe–
a spirit vastly superior to that of man, and one in
the face of which we with our modest powers must feel
humble.”*